Today’s motorcycles and cars are equipped with very efficient braking systems. they're so efficient that just in case of emergency your vehicle comes to a halt safely within a fraction of a second. once you pull the brake lever, the brake fluid near the lever is pressurized through the brake line, this pressurized fluid attaches to the restraint of the wheel and therefore the brake pads are activated. This braking system that you simply simply have just seen was developed in the last 5 decades of research and practical experience, allow us to discover how engineers developed such an efficient braking system or more specifically let’s get behind the disc brakes Learn physics, you'll be wondering how the tiny force produced by your hand on the brake lever is enough to stop a motorcycle, engineers have achieved this by clever use of Pascal’s law. The smaller piston also fills the piston with oil therefore the oil is pressurized. If you examine carefully you'll see that this piston is connected via a cable to a bigger piston.
In short the big piston sits near the brake pads. and thus the small piston sits near the brake lever. according to Pascal’s law the pressure on both pistons should be the same this means the force you applied on the lever and on the brake pads will be multiplied by the difference in area of the piston. This force will move the brake pad and press it against the brake disc thus stopping the wheel because the disc is attached on to the wheel. To further increase the planet , usually 2 pistons are used on the restraint and. Another interesting thing you'll notice about this mechanism is that the pistons are only on one side then how the restraint move on the other side. this is often often made possible by a clever arrangement known as the floating caliper mechanism, it should be noted that the caliber of the huge part of this mechanism is not static but is free to move linearly. A caliper support is fixed to the motorcycle. you'll see how the caliper moves with this fixed part.
The disc brake mechanism may seem like a simple mechanism, however so as to know how much disc brakes have helped in making automobiles safer, we must first study the predecessors of the disk brake drum brake. Drum brakes ruled the car industry for several decades, they're still utilized in the rear wheels of some cars they were working on, the mechanism being a fairly simple drum attached directly to the wheels when you unscrew the brake shoe pair. a really dangerous situation arises if a drum heats up due to metal breaking or shape change in this case because it does not slow down, accelerate thanks to the reduced frictional force, the trail to tire frictional force. also will be less here on the axle than on the opposite wheel. These different frictional forces will create a net torque during braking and since of this the whole wheel of the car will spin. this is often often why you often notice that older cars that only use drum brakes will sometimes pull left or right during braking. there's no such heating problem with disc brakes. Disc brakes even have better stopping power than drum brakes.
Main Components of disc brake :
1. Wheel Hub: The disc rotor is attached to the wheel hub and rotates with it. The wheel of the vehicle is attached to the wheel hub.
2. Caliper Assembly:
The caliper assembly consists of the next tools
Brake Pad: It makes contact with rotor disc and because of friction between brake pad and rotor disc the speed of the vehicle decreases and it comes to a halt.
Caliper Bracket
caliper frame
Piston: When the brake lever is pressed, it exerts brake force on the restraint .
Slider Pin: it's the sliding pin which slides into the opening when braking is applied.
Dust Boots: This prevents dust from entering the caliper pin or slider pin hole.
3. Disc Rotor: it's the rotating a part of disc brake. When brakes are applied, plenty of warmth is generated which can reduce braking efficiency, therefore the rotor has vent holes drilled thereon which dissipate the heat.
How Disc Brakes Works
When the pedal is pressed, high-pressure fluid from the hydraulic brake cylinder pushes the piston out.
The piston pushes the restraint against the rotating discs.
As the inner brake pad touches the rotor, the fluid pressure exerts a forward force and thus the caliper moves inward and pulls the outer brake pad towards the rotating disc and it touches the disc.
Now both restraint push the rotating disc, an outsized amount of friction is generated between the pad and therefore the rotating disc and slows down the vehicle and finally stops it.
When the brake pad is released, the piston moves inward, moving the brake pad away from the rotating disc. and thus the car starts running again.
Advantages of Disc Brakes
It is lighter than drum brakes.
It has better cooling (as the braking surface is directly exposed to the air)
It provides better resistance to hamper the sap.
It provides uniform pressure distribution
Brake pads are easy to replace.
By design, they're self-adjusting brakes.
Disadvantages of Disc Brakes
High pedal pressure is required to stop the vehicle. This brakes is fitted with a vacuum booster.
No servo action is present.
It is difficult to attach a parking attachment to a disc brake.
Where Disc Brakes is used?
Disc brakes are mostly utilized in motorcycles and cars.
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